Computer organization and design The hardware/software interface John L. Hennessy, David A. Patterson

ΕΠΕΑΕΚ/ΙΤΥ

περιέχει γλωσσάρη : σσ. G-1 -G-13, και ευρετήριο : σσ. I-1 - I-32

Foreword Worked examples Computer organization and design online Preface Chapters : 1.Computer abstractions and technology 1.1 Introduction 1.2 Below your Program 1.3 Under the Covers 1.4 Integrated Circuits : Fueling Innovation 1.5 Real Stuff : Manufacturing Pentium Chips 1.6 Fallacies and Pitfalls 1.7 Concluding Remarks 1.8 Historical Perspective and Further Readings 1.9 Key Terms 1.10 Exercises 2.The role of performance 2.1 Introduction 2.2 Measuring Performance 2.3 Relating the Metrics 2.4 Choosing Programs to Evaluate Performance 2.5 Comparing and Summarizing Performance 2.6 Real Stuff : The SPEC95 Benchmarks and Performance of Recent Processors 2.7 Fallacies and Pitfalls 2.8 Concluding Remarks 2.9 Historical Perspective and Futher Readings 2.10 Key Times 2.11 Exercises 3. Instructions:Language of the machine 3.1 Introduction 3.2 Operations of the Computer Hardware 3.3 Operands of the Computer Hardware 3.4 Representing Instructions in the Computer 3.5 Instructions for Making Decisions 3.6 Supporting Procedures in Computer Hardware 3.7 Beyond Numbers 3.8 Other Styles of MIPS Addressing 3.9 Starting a Program 3.10 An Example to Put It All Together 3.11 Arrays versus Pointers 3.12 Real Stuff : PowerPC and 80X86 Instructions 3.13 Fallacies and Pitfalls 3.14 Concluding Remarks 3.15 Historical Perspective and Futher Reading 3.16 Key Times 3.17 Exercises 4. Arithmetic for computers 4.1 Introduction 4.2 Signed and Unsigned Numbers 4.3 Addition and Subtraction 4.4 Logical Operations 4.5 Constructing an Arithmetic Logic Unit 4.6 Multiplication 4.7 Division 4.8 Floating Point 4.9 Real Stuff: Floating Point in the PowerPC and 80X 86 4.10 Fallacies and Pitfalls 4.11 Concluding Remarks 4.12 Historical Pespective and Futher Reading 4.13 Key Times 4.14 Exercises 5.The processor: Datapath and control 5.1 Introduction 5.2 Building a Datapath 5.3 A Simple Implemantation Scheme 5.4 A Multicycle Implementation 5.5 Microprogramming: Simplifying Control Design 5.6 Exceptions 5.7 Real Stuff: The Pentium Pro Implementation 5.8 Fallacies and Pitfalls 5.9 Concluding Remarks 5.10 Historical Perspective and Futher Reading 5.11 Key Times 5.12 Exercises 6. Enhancing performance with pipelining 6.1 An Overview of Pipelining 6.2 A Pipelined Datapath 6.3 Pipelined Control 6.4 Data Hazards and Forwarding 6.5 Data Hazards and Stalls 6.6 Branch Hazards 6.7 Exceptions 6.8 Superscalar and Dynamic Pipelining 6.9 Real Stuff:PowerPC 604 and Pentium Pro Pipelines 6.10 Fallacies and Pitfalls 6.11 Concluding Remarks 6.12 Historical Perspective and Further Reading 6.13 Key Times 6.14 Exercises 7. Large and fast:Exploiting memory hierarchy 7.1 Introduction 7.2 The Basics of Caches 7.3 Measuring and Improving Cache Performance 7.4 Virtual Memory 7.5 A Common Framework for Memory Hierarchies 7.6 Real Stuff:The Pentium Pro and PowerPC 604 Memory Hierarchies 7.7 Fallacies and Pitfalls 7.8 Concluding Remarks 7.9 Historical Perspective and Further Reading 7.10 Key Times 7.11Exercises 8. Interfacing processors and peripherals 8.1 Introduction 8.2 I/O Performance Measures: Some Examples from Disk and File Systems 8.3 Types and Characteristics of I/O Devices 8.4 Buses : Connecting I/O Devices to Processor and Memory 8.5 Interfacing I/O Devices to the Memory, Processor, and Operating System 8.6 Designing an I/O System 8.7 Real Stuff : A Typical Desktop I/O System 8.8 Fallacies and Pitfalls 8.9 Concluding Remarks 8.10 Historical Perspective and Further Reading 8.11 Key Times 8.12 Exercises 9. Multiprocessors 9.1 Introduction 9.2 Programming Multiprocessors 9.3 Multiprocessors Connected by a Single Bus 9.4 Multiprocessors Connected by a Network 9.5 Clusters 9.6 Network Topologies 9.7 Real Stuff : Future Directions for Multiprocessors 9.8 Fallacies and Pitfalls 9.9 Concluding Remarks - Evolution versus Revolution in Computer Architecture 9.10 Historical Perspective and Further Reading 9.11 Key Times 9.12 Exercises APPENDICES: A. Assemblers,linkers, and the SPIM simulator A.1 Introduction A.2 Assembles A.3 Linkers A.4 Loading A.5 Memory Usage A.6 Procedure Call Convention A.7 Exceptions and Interrupts A.8 Input and Output A.9 SPIM A.10 MIPS R2000 Assembly Language A.11 Concluding Remarks A.12 Key Times A.13 Exercises B. The basics of logic design B.1 Introduction B.2 Gates, Truth Tables, and Logic Equations B.3 Combinational Logic B.4 Clocks B.5 Memory Elements B.6 Finite State Machines B.7 Timing Methodologies B.8 Concluding Remarks B.9 Key Times B.10 Exercises C. Mapping control to hardware C.1 Introduction C.2 Implementing Combinatorial Control Units C.3 Implementing Finite State Machine Control C.4 Implementing the Next-State Function with a Sequencer C.5 Translating a Microprogram to Hardware C.6 Concluding Remarks C.7 Key Times C.8 Exercises Glossary Index